Cobalt oxide is a mineral compound whose crystals are dark red, olive green, gray, or black and is available in powder form.
Cobalt can be found in cobaltite and erythrite ores. Cobalt oxide particles are important magnetic materials and are p-type semiconductors. Cobalt oxide is the most widely used in the ceramic industry and is used for aqueous glazes and enamels. This powder compound is also used in the chemical industry to produce cobalt salt.
Physical and chemical properties of cobalt oxide:
This powder composition with the chemical formula of CoO is a stable oxide and a common color in pottery.
Cobalt is an odorless, tasteless powder that is insoluble in water but soluble in hot mineral acids.
| Chemical formula | CoO |
| Molar mass | 74.9326 g/mol |
| Appearance | powder |
| Density | 6.45 g/cm3 |
| PH | 5-7 |
| Odor | odorless |
| Melting Point | 1,933 °C (3,511 °F; 2,206 K) |
| Solubility in water | insoluble in water |
| Color | olive or gray |
| Form | crystals |
| Magnetic susceptibility | +4900.0·10−6 cm3/mol |
| Chemical Structure Depiction |  |
The chemical structure of cobalt oxide:
Cobalt oxide is a mineral compound with the molecular formula of CoO and the structure of this compound is in the form of a typical spinel structure.
Each cubic unit cell contains four Co2+ and four O2− ions.
Cobalt oxide soluble or insoluble:
Cobalt oxide crystals are insoluble or partially soluble in water but are highly soluble in acids and alkaline solutions. It is also insoluble in ammonium hydroxide and soluble in acidic and alkaline hydroxides.
Production of cobalt oxide:
-Cobalt (II) oxide (CoO)is produced by the decomposition of cobalt (III) oxide (Co3O4) at a temperature of 900 ° C.
2 Co3O4 → 6 CoO + O2
-Cobalt oxide is precipitated by heating cobalt hydroxide.
Co (OH)2 → CoO + H2O
-This powder composition is prepared for the thermal decomposition of cobalt nitrate or sodium carbonate.
Applications and uses of cobalt oxide:
Cobalt is the most powerful paint in the ceramic and glass industries and is used for aqueous glazes and enamels.
Cobalt oxide has been used as a coloring agent in glazes for ceramics.
In addition, it can be used in dryers to improve the drying speed of paints.
Applications of cobalt oxide in medicine: The biological synthesis of cobalt oxide for the production of cobalt oxide nanoparticles is a major achievement in medical science.
Applications of cobalt oxide in the industry:
- As a catalyst and oxide agent in the chemical industry.
- Production of coal raw materials.
- As a color in glass and ceramics.
- Use in hard alloys.
- As a pigment.
- animals feed and fertilizer.
- production of cobalt (II) salts.
- In temperature and gas sensors.
Cobalt oxide nanoparticles:
Recently, special attention has been paid to preparing Co3O4 with nanostructure and improving its properties, so that separate nanostructures such as films, tubes, fibers, and rods have been made from this material. Cobalt oxide is often used for catalytic and magnetic applications. One of the important applications of cobalt oxide nanoparticles:
- In medicine, especially for drug delivery and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
- Biological sensors.
- Magnetic memories
Applications of cobalt oxide in medicine:
Although it has a wide range of applications in the production of superconductors, semiconductors, sensors, MRI, and biomedicine, it’s a nanoscale biological synthesis with a completely green method for the production of cobalt oxide nanoparticles is a major achievement in the medical sciences. The nanoparticles of this material show different antibacterial potential against different types of pathogenic bacteria. These compounds are more compatible with red blood cells than macrophages and have antioxidant, regenerative, and enzyme inhibitory properties.
Safety information of cobalt oxide:
May cause allergy or breathing difficulties if inhaled.
This crystalline compound can be very dangerous if consumed and can irritate the skin and eyes.
Exposure to this substance for a long time also affects the thyroid, heart, and kidneys.
These compounds are harmful to humans and the environment.
Packing and storage:
Store in a dry and cool place with proper ventilation in a tightly closed container.
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